Approaches

<body topmargin=0 leftmargin=0 marginheight=0 marginwidth=0> <table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 border=0 height="100%"><tr> <td valign="top" width=12.5% BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" TEXT="#080000"> <bR> </td> <td valign="top" width="100%" style=" border-top: 26px solid #FFFFFF; border-left: 63px solid #FFFFFF;border-right: 63px solid #FFFFFF;" BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" TEXT="#080000"> <bR> <div> <TABLE BORDER="1" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="785" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="#808080" BORDERCOLORDARK="#FFFFFF" FRAME="BOX" RULES="ALL" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" > <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP BGCOLOR=#DDDDDD HEIGHT= 76 ><NOBR><div> <A HREF="index.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Silvalab"><B><IMG SRC="14860c470.png" border=0 width="780" height="71" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></B></A></div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP BGCOLOR=#BBBBBB HEIGHT= 30 ><NOBR><div> <B> </B><A HREF="projects.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Projects "><B><IMG SRC="147e61190.png" border=0 width="97" height="25" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></B></A><A HREF="approaches.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Approaches"><B><IMG SRC="147f61190.png" border=0 width="97" height="25" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></B></A><A HREF="publications.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Publications"><B><IMG SRC="148061190.png" border=0 width="97" height="25" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></B></A><A HREF="personnel.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Lab Members"><B><IMG SRC="148161190.png" border=0 width="97" height="25" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></B></A><A HREF="alcino.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Alcino J. Silva"><B><IMG SRC="148261190.png" border=0 width="97" height="25" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></B></A><A HREF="funding.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Awards"><B><IMG SRC="148361190.png" border=0 width="97" height="25" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></B></A><A HREF="positions.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Open Positions"><B><IMG SRC="148461190.png" border=0 width="97" height="25" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></B></A><A HREF="aboutus.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="aboutus"><B><IMG SRC="148561190.png" border=0 width="97" height="25" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></B></A></div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP BGCOLOR=#6666CC HEIGHT= 20 WIDTH="781"><div>        <A HREF="index.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Silvalab"><B>Home</B></A></div> </tD> </tR> </TABLE></div> <div> <TABLE BORDER="1" CELLPADDING="4" CELLSPACING="10" WIDTH="793" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="#330000" BORDERCOLORDARK="#FFFFFF" FRAME="BOX" RULES="ALL" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" > <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP COLSPAN=3 HEIGHT= 52 WIDTH="745"><div> <A HREF="approaches64.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Molecular Genetics">Molecular Genetics</A>   ·   <A HREF="approaches69.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="PRISM">PRISM</A>   ·   <A HREF="electrophysiology.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Electrophysiology">Electrophysiology</A>   ·   <A HREF="approaches67.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Neuroanatomy">Neuroanatomy</A>   ·   <A HREF="approaches339.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="in vivo Imaging">in vivo Imaging</A>   ·   <A HREF="approaches68.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Single Unit Recordings">Single Unit Recordings</A>   ·   <A HREF="behavior.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Behavioral Analyses">Behavioral Analyses</A>   ·   <A HREF="mice_to_men.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Bridging Mice and Men">Bridging Mice and Men</A></div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP ROWSPAN=2 COLSPAN=3 HEIGHT= 199 WIDTH="745"><div> <IMG SRC="141c0c780.jpg" border=0 width="268" height="376" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> Approaches</div> <bR> <div> Our laboratory uses a number of approaches to study learning and memory at multiple levels of analyses. Essentially, we use the best possible techniques we can to address <A HREF="projects.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Projects ">the problems</A> we are studying. Our approaches include:</div> <bR> <div> <A HREF="approaches64.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Molecular Genetics"><B>Molecular Genetics</B></A></div> <div> <A HREF="approaches69.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="PRISM"><B>PRISM</B></A></div> <div> <A HREF="electrophysiology.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Electrophysiology"><B>Electrophysiology</B></A></div> <div> <A HREF="approaches67.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Neuroanatomy"><B>Neuroanatomy</B></A></div> <div> <A HREF="approaches339.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="in vivo Imaging"><B>in vivo Imaging</B></A></div> <div> <A HREF="approaches68.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Single Unit Recordings"><B>Single Unit Recordings</B></A></div> <div> <A HREF="behavior.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Behavioral Analyses"><B>Behavioral Analyses</B></A></div> <div> <A HREF="mice_to_men.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Bridging Mice and Men"><B>Bridging Mice and Men</B></A></div> <bR> <bR> </tD> </tR> <tR> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP COLSPAN=3 BGCOLOR=#EEEEEE HEIGHT= 41 ><NOBR><div> Integrating findings in the neuroscience of memory...</div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP BGCOLOR=#EEEEEE HEIGHT= 247 WIDTH="243"><div> Genes</div> <div>  </div> <div> Although many of our studies include mice with defined <A HREF="approaches64.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Molecular Genetics">mutations,</A> we have also taken advantage of a number of other strategies to manipulate molecular function in the brain, including <A HREF="approaches69.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="PRISM">pharmacology</A> and gene transfer with viral vectors. We are also taking advantage of molecular systems to inactivate cells </div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP BGCOLOR=#EEEEEE WIDTH="251"><div> Neurons/Systems</div> <bR> <div> We use <A HREF="electrophysiology.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Electrophysiology">slice electrophysiology</A> to study the cell biology of learning and memory, and <A HREF="approaches67.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Neuroanatomy">neuroanatomic lesions</A> to assess the role of specific brain regions. We are developing new technologies for  <A HREF="approaches339.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="in vivo Imaging">time-lapse two-photon confocal imaging in vivo</A> to define cellular neurosystems and dendritic structural changes during memory</div> </tD> <tD VALIGN=TOP BGCOLOR=#EEEEEE WIDTH="227"><div> Behavior</div> <bR> <div> Most of our studies start with extensive <A HREF="behavior.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Behavioral Analyses">behavioral analysis</A>. For this purpose our laboratory uses a number of tests that allow us to evaluate a wide range of rodent behaviors. We have also initiated cognitive neuroscience studies with patients using techniques such as brain imaging</div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP COLSPAN=3 BGCOLOR=#CCCCE4 HEIGHT= 66 ><NOBR><div> Is there a perfect technique to address a problem?</div> <div> see our studies on S2 <A HREF="s2.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Science of Science">>></A></div> </NOBR></tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP COLSPAN=3 HEIGHT= 302 WIDTH="745"><bR> <div> <A HREF="http://www.molcellcog.org" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.molcellcog.org"><IMG SRC="13d7799f0.jpg" border=0 width="121" height="159" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></A></div> <div> The Molecular and Cellular Cognition Society </div> <bR> <div> There is a society for laboratories (like ours) interested in a molecular to behavioral, multiple-level analysis of cognition. For information concerning the Molecular and Cellular Cognition Society <A HREF="http://www.molcellcog.org" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.molcellcog.org">click here</A> </div> </tD> </tR> <tR> <tD VALIGN=TOP COLSPAN=3 HEIGHT= 223 WIDTH="745"><div> For descriptions of our approaches click on one of the links below...</div> <div> <A HREF="approaches64.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Molecular Genetics">Molecular Genetics</A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Symbol" >   ·   </FONT><A HREF="approaches69.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="PRISM">PRISM</A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Symbol" >   ·   </FONT><A HREF="electrophysiology.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Electrophysiology">Electrophysiology</A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Symbol" >   ·   </FONT><A HREF="approaches67.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Neuroanatomy">Neuroanatomy</A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Symbol" >   ·   </FONT><A HREF="approaches339.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="in vivo Imaging">in vivo Imaging</A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Symbol" >   ·   </FONT><A HREF="approaches68.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Single Unit Recordings">Single Unit Recordings</A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Symbol" >   ·   </FONT><A HREF="behavior.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Behavioral Analyses">Behavioral Analyses</A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Symbol" >   ·   </FONT><A HREF="mice_to_men.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Bridging Mice and Men">Bridging Mice and Men</A></div> <bR> <bR> <bR> <bR> <bR> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="projects.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Projects ">Projects </A>   ·   <B>Approaches</B>   ·   <A HREF="publications.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Publications">Publications</A>   ·   <A HREF="personnel.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Lab Members">Lab Members</A>   ·   <A HREF="alcino.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Alcino J. Silva">Alcino J. Silva</A>   ·   <A HREF="funding.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Awards">Awards</A>   ·   <A HREF="pictures.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Lab Pictures">Lab Pictures</A>   ·   <A HREF="positions.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Open Positions">Open Positions</A>   ·   <A HREF="aboutus.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="aboutus">aboutus</A>   ·   <A HREF="contact_us.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Contact us">Contact us</A></div> </tD> </tR> </TABLE></div> <bR> <bR> <bR> <bR> <bR> <bR> <bR> </td> </tr></table></body>